Hand-poured with essential oil blend consisting of citronella, lemongrass, lime citronella, vanilla, and lemon eucalyptus. Smells good to humans but not so much for bugs! 16 oz. is perfect for outdoor lovers, large groups, dogs, horses, and farm-life. The water-based spray can be used on clothes and rubbed on skin/ face. Safe for People, kids, dogs, horses, and farm-life. Repels mosquitoes, gnats, ticks, black flies, fruit flies, and no-see-ums. Approx. 4 hour application time.