Any bird watcher or naturalist will tell you that bird songs and calls are one of the most important field marks in identifying birds. However, short of memorizing every single bird's complete musical repertoire, it is a herculean feat to sort through them all. With the western edition of this groundbreaking reference, you now can learn how to distinguish bird sounds and identify them. With a detailed and easy to understand spectrogram that introduces the key aspects of any bird call - speed, repetition, pauses, pitch, and tone - you will easily be able to translate what you hear into a visual recognition. No musical training or auditory memorization is required to understand this reference guide, allowing you to easily figure out the unique melody of each bird in the western North America.(This title may contain a sharpie mark on the top or bottom edge and may show mild signs of shelfwear.)